diff --git a/nebulaforge/robustness.py b/nebulaforge/robustness.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8897c7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/nebulaforge/robustness.py
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+"""SEU fuzzing harness: deterministic bitflip injection for tensors.
+
+This small utility injects single-event-upset-style bit flips into
+numpy arrays (viewed as raw bytes). It is deterministic given a seed
+and returns a small bundle describing the flips for reproducible
+counterexample bundles used in CI and forensics.
+
+Functions:
+- inject_bitflips(arr, rate=1e-3, seed=None): returns (flipped, bundle)
+- detect_corruption(arr, bundle): quick checksum-based detector
+
+The implementation is intentionally small and pure-Python to keep tests
+fast and dependency-free (only numpy used, which the project already
+depends on).
+"""
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict
+import zlib
+import hashlib
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SEUBundle:
+    seed: Optional[int]
+    rate: float
+    flips: List[int]
+    original_crc32: int
+
+
+def _crc32_bytes(b: bytes) -> int:
+    return zlib.crc32(b) & 0xFFFFFFFF
+
+
+def inject_bitflips(
+    arr: np.ndarray,
+    rate: float = 1e-3,
+    seed: Optional[int] = None,
+    max_flips: Optional[int] = None,
+) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, SEUBundle]:
+    """Inject deterministic bit flips into a numpy array's bytes.
+
+    - arr: input numpy array (will not be modified; a copy is returned)
+    - rate: probability of flipping each bit (0..1). Small values recommended.
+    - seed: optional RNG seed for determinism. If None, non-deterministic.
+    - max_flips: optional cap on number of flips applied.
+
+    Returns (flipped_array, bundle) where bundle records seed, rate,
+    list of flipped bit indices (as bit offsets into the raw buffer),
+    and the CRC32 of the original bytes for detection.
+    """
+    if rate < 0.0 or rate > 1.0:
+        raise ValueError("rate must be in [0,1]")
+
+    rnd = np.random.RandomState(seed)
+
+    orig_bytes = arr.tobytes()
+    orig_crc = _crc32_bytes(orig_bytes)
+
+    # Represent data as a mutable bytearray so we can flip bits
+    b = bytearray(orig_bytes)
+    n_bits = len(b) * 8
+
+    # decide which bits to flip
+    # draw bernoulli per-bit; to remain efficient for small arrays we sample indices
+    flip_mask = rnd.rand(n_bits) < rate
+    idxs = np.nonzero(flip_mask)[0].tolist()
+
+    if max_flips is not None and len(idxs) > max_flips:
+        idxs = idxs[:max_flips]
+
+    # apply flips: for each bit index, flip the corresponding bit in the bytearray
+    for bit_idx in idxs:
+        byte_idx = bit_idx // 8
+        bit_in_byte = bit_idx % 8
+        b[byte_idx] ^= 1 << bit_in_byte
+
+    flipped = np.frombuffer(bytes(b), dtype=np.uint8).view(arr.dtype).reshape(arr.shape).copy()
+
+    bundle = SEUBundle(seed=seed, rate=rate, flips=idxs, original_crc32=orig_crc)
+    return flipped, bundle
+
+
+def detect_corruption(arr: np.ndarray, bundle: SEUBundle) -> bool:
+    """Return True if the array's bytes differ from the bundle's recorded CRC32."""
+    current_crc = _crc32_bytes(arr.tobytes())
+    return current_crc != bundle.original_crc32
+
+
+def reproduce_flips(arr: np.ndarray, bundle: SEUBundle) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Reproduce the flips recorded in bundle on a copy of arr.
+
+    This is useful for deterministic replay: it applies the listed bit
+    offsets to a fresh copy of the original array.
+    """
+    b = bytearray(arr.tobytes())
+    for bit_idx in bundle.flips:
+        byte_idx = bit_idx // 8
+        bit_in_byte = bit_idx % 8
+        b[byte_idx] ^= 1 << bit_in_byte
+    out = np.frombuffer(bytes(b), dtype=np.uint8).view(arr.dtype).reshape(arr.shape).copy()
+    return out
diff --git a/tests/test_robustness.py b/tests/test_robustness.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee16972
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_robustness.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import numpy as np
+from nebulaforge.robustness import inject_bitflips, detect_corruption, reproduce_flips
+
+
+def test_inject_deterministic_and_detect():
+    a = np.arange(16, dtype=np.float32)
+    # use a noticeable rate so we flip some bits
+    flipped1, bundle = inject_bitflips(a, rate=0.01, seed=42)
+
+    # detector should say corruption relative to original
+    assert detect_corruption(flipped1, bundle)
+
+    # reproducing flips on original should yield identical bytes
+    reproduced = reproduce_flips(a, bundle)
+    assert reproduced.tobytes() == flipped1.tobytes()
+
+
+def test_reproducible_with_same_seed():
+    a = np.linspace(-1.0, 1.0, num=64, dtype=np.float32)
+    f1, b1 = inject_bitflips(a, rate=0.005, seed=123)
+    f2, b2 = inject_bitflips(a, rate=0.005, seed=123)
+
+    # bundles should be identical for same seed
+    assert b1.seed == b2.seed
+    assert b1.flips == b2.flips
+    # flipped arrays equal
+    assert f1.tobytes() == f2.tobytes()